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Industrial Application of Adsorption Process 1. Activated charcoal is used to remove bad odours inside refrigerator and to deodourise tap water in water purifier. It is also used in gas masks to adsorb poisonous gases in the atmosphere. 2. In sugar industry animal charcoal is used to decolourise raw sugar solution obtained from sugar cane. 3. In chromatography, suitable adsorbents are used. They selectively adsorb certain substance from solution. Adsorption chromatography is used for detection and separation of mixtures. 4. In dehumidifier, silica gel is used as adsorbent. 5. Activated charcoal is  used to maintain vacuum in laboratory vessels such as Dewar flask. 6. Heterogeneous catalysis  mostly operate through adsorption of reactant molecules. 7. Softening of water using ion exchange resin is based on selective adsorption of ions which cause hardness. 8. In mordant dyeing, mordants adsorb colour. 9. Ferric hydroxide can adsorb arsenic ions and hence i...

Adsorption Isobar : Effect of temperature Most of the adsorptions are exothermic reactions, Hence adsorption generally depend on temperature. Exothermic reactions are mostly spontaneous at low temperature. Hence the extent of adsorption decreases with increase of temperature at constant pressure. A plot of extent of adsorption verses temperature at constant pressure is known as adsorption Isobar.

Factors affecting adsorption: Pressure of Gas Adsorption and desorption are reversible process and take place simultaneously leading to equilibrium state. Adsorbent + gas  <========> Adsorbent gas In the forward direction, during adsorption, volume decreases since gases are adsorbed to the surface. Hence applying Le-Chatelier principle, we can predict effect of pressure. At high pressure, the system has a tendency to decrease volume and shifts towards forward direction, ie , more adsorption take place. Now we can conclude that extent of adsorption (x/m) increases with increase in pressure. Where x= number of the moles of gas adsorbed and m = mass of adsorbent, at equilibrium. Variation of  x/m with pressure can be experimentally studied and can be plotted as a graph at constant temperature. Such graphs obtained by plotting (x/m) against (p) at constant temperature are called, adsorption isotherm . To see all Factors affecting adsorption of gases on...

Specific area of adsorbent affects adsorption of gases on solids The surface area of an adsorbent available for adsorption is known as specific area of adsorbent. Depending on the nature of surface, impurity at the surface etc, specific area of adsorbent changes. Rough surface can adsorb more, due to greater available surface area. Similarly solids can adsorb more when powdered. When powdered, surface area increases. Hence porous and finely divide forms of adsorbent have greater adsorption power. Activation of adsorbent We can increase the activity of an adsorbent using different methods. Cleaning surface, making rough surface, powdering etc are some of these method. To see all Factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids visit http://entrancechemistry.blogspot.com/2012/11/factors-affecting-adsorption-of-gases.html

Important Factors affecting adsorption of gases are 1. Nature of gas. 2. Nature of adsorbent. 3. Specific area of adsorbent. 4. Activation of the adsorbent. 5. Pressure of the gas. 6. Temperature 1. Nature of gas Adsorption can be either physisorption or chemisorption . Chemical adsorption is highly specific, hence only a particular adsorbent can adsorb a gas. For example, Nitrogen is adsorbed by Iron. Adsorption of hydrogen by nickel or platinum. But physisorption is not specific. In such cases it is observed that easily liquefiable gases are more adsorbed than permanent gases like He, N 2 , O 2 , H 2 etc. It is due to the reason that HCl, SO 2 , CH 4 , NH 3 , SO 3 etc are more adsorbed. In case of easily liquefiable gases, van der Waals  force or molecular forces are more predominant, and hence physisorption becomes more significant. 2. Nature of adsorbent The extent of adsorption depends on nature of the adsorbent. Charcoal and silica gel are good adsorben...

Physisorption and Chemisorption definition In adsorbed state the adsorbate is held on the surface of adsorbent by attractive forces (bond). Depending on the nature of attractive forces, adsorption can be of two types - physical adsorption (Physisorption) and chemical adsorption (Chemisorption) . In chemisorption there is a strong chemical bond. During adsorption, a new bond is formed between adsorbent and adsorbate. Therefore adsorptions are generally exothermic (▵H = -ve). But entropy and free energy decreases during adsorption. Enthalpy change during adsorption process are called enthalpy of adsorption . It is defined as the heat evolved at constant pressure, when one mole of an adsorbate is adsorbed on the surface of adsorbent. For physical adsorption and chemical adsorption , its values ranges in the order of -20KJ/mol and 200kjmol -1 . Difference between physisorption and chemisorption are given below. Comparison Between Physisorption and Chemisorption ...