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Reactions of benzene diazonium chloride

Chemical reactions of benzene diazonium chloride

Due to unstable nature diazonium group ( -N₂^- X⁺ ) is a good leaving group. In most of the reactions of diazonium salt, -N₂^-X⁺ group is replaced by other groups. Such reactions are usually grouped under replacement reactions.

In the second type, due to electron deficiency (+ve charge) on diazonium ion, it can behave like an electrophile and couple with electron rich aromatic compounds and undergo coupling reactions.

Replacement reactions of benzene diazonium chloride

Depending on replacing groups these reactions can be mentioned under following heads. In this way we can easily introduce_F, -CI, -I, -OH and -CN groups in the aromatic ring.

1. Replacement by halide ion (Sandmaeyer's reaction)

2. Replacement by cyanide ion

3. Replacement with OH^- ion

4. Replacement with hydrogen